Migraine Headaches and Why so Many Patients with HEDS Have Them

zebrathemiddleaged
Jan 31
3 min read

Updated: Apr 11

Migraine headaches affect millions worldwide, but people with Hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (HEDS) seem to experience them more frequently and intensely. Why do so many individuals with HEDS suffer from migraines? This question has puzzled patients and healthcare providers alike. Exploring the connection between these two conditions can help improve understanding, management, and quality of life for those affected.

Why Are Migraines Common in HEDS?

Research shows that migraine headaches occur more often in people with HEDS than in the general population. Several factors may explain this link:

1. Connective Tissue Abnormalities Affect Blood Vessels

The connective tissue defects in HEDS affect not only joints and skin but also blood vessels. Blood vessels rely on connective tissue for strength and flexibility. In HEDS, weakened vessel walls may lead to abnormal blood flow or increased sensitivity to changes in blood pressure, both of which can trigger migraines.

2. Autonomic Nervous System Dysfunction

Many people with HEDS experience dysautonomia, a condition where the autonomic nervous system (which controls involuntary functions like heart rate and blood pressure) does not work properly. Dysautonomia can cause symptoms such as dizziness, rapid heartbeat, and blood pressure fluctuations, all of which are known migraine triggers.

3. Increased Sensory Sensitivity

HEDS patients often have heightened sensitivity to pain and sensory stimuli. This increased sensitivity may make them more prone to migraine attacks triggered by light, sound, or stress.

4. Muscle Tension and Joint Instability

Chronic muscle tension and joint instability in the neck and shoulders are common in HEDS. These issues can cause tension headaches or contribute to migraine development by irritating nerves and blood vessels in the head and neck region.

Migraines in people with HEDS may have unique features compared to those without the condition:

Frequency: Migraines may occur more frequently, sometimes several times a week.
Duration: Attacks can last longer, sometimes days.
Severity: Pain may be more intense and harder to manage.
Associated Symptoms: Symptoms like dizziness, nausea, and visual disturbances may be more pronounced due to autonomic dysfunction.

Understanding these differences helps healthcare providers tailor treatment plans more effectively.

Managing migraines in HEDS requires a comprehensive approach that addresses both the headaches and the underlying connective tissue disorder.

Lifestyle Adjustments

Regular Sleep Schedule: Maintaining consistent sleep helps reduce migraine frequency.
Hydration: Staying well-hydrated supports blood vessel health.
Stress Management: Techniques like meditation, yoga, or gentle exercise can lower stress levels.
Avoiding Triggers: Identifying and avoiding personal migraine triggers such as certain foods, bright lights, or loud noises is crucial.

Physical Therapy and Posture

Physical therapy focusing on strengthening muscles around hypermobile joints can reduce tension and improve posture, potentially decreasing migraine triggers related to muscle strain.

Medication Options

Medications may include:

Pain Relievers: Over the counter or prescription drugs for acute migraine relief such as a Tylenol, ASA, and caffeine mixture or Ergotamine and caffeine.

Preventive Medications: Beta-blockers, antidepressants, anticonvulsants, CGRP receptor blockers, or Botox injections may reduce migraine frequency.

Treatment for Dysautonomia: Managing autonomic symptoms can indirectly reduce migraines.

Patients should work closely with healthcare providers to find the safest and most effective medication plan.

Alternative Therapies

Some patients find relief through:

Acupuncture
Biofeedback
Massage therapy

These therapies can help manage pain and reduce stress.

If migraines become frequent, severe, or interfere with daily life, it is important to consult a healthcare professional. A thorough evaluation can rule out other causes and ensure appropriate treatment. For people with HEDS, seeing a specialist familiar with connective tissue disorders can improve outcomes.